Apple won’t be keeping all of the services in macOS Server after the next few months. In the meantime, we have a big old guide to read. I have some overlapping articles I’ve been working on, but I’d say we’re in a similar headspace. The Apple macOS Server Services Migration Guide is available at https://developer.apple.com/support/macos-server/macOS-Server-Service-Migration-Guide.pdf and covers bind, vpnd, freeradius, manual netinstall with bootp and tftp, apache, wordpress, CalendarServer, and ftp. It’s pretty technical, but nothing too crazy in there!Overall, an easy read and I’m glad to see some content coming out to help admins!
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Export DNS Records from macOS Server
DNS is an integral service to most modern networks. The Domain Name System, or DNS is comprised of hierarchical and decentralized Domain Name Servers, or DNS Servers. This is how we connect to computers and the websites that reside on computers by their names, rather than having to memorize the IP addresses of every single computer out there. So you get to type https://krypted.com/ and come to my website instead of typing the IP address. Or more likely, Facebook.com, but just because my website is older, I’m not mad about that. No really… So you have a macOS Server and you need to take your DNS records out of it…
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Move DHCP Services from macOS Server to Synology
The first step to moving services from macOS Server for pretty much all services is to check out the old settings. The second step is to probably ask if where you’re going to put the service is a good idea. For example, these days I prefer to run DHCP services on a network appliance such as a Synology. And so let’s look at how to do that. Here, we’ll use the serveradmin command to view the settings of the DHCP service: /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/sbin/serveradmin settings dhcp The output is an array of subnets with different settings per subnet. dhcp:static_maps = _empty_arraydhcp:subnets:_array_id:22217FF5-4DDB-4841-A731-EF5DA080E672:WINS_primary_server = ""dhcp:subnets:_array_id:22217FF5-4DDB-4841-A731-EF5DA080E672:dhcp_router = "10.15.40.1"dhcp:subnets:_array_id:22217FF5-4DDB-4841-A731-EF5DA080E672:WINS_secondary_server = ""dhcp:subnets:_array_id:22217FF5-4DDB-4841-A731-EF5DA080E672:net_range_start = "10.15.40.2"dhcp:subnets:_array_id:22217FF5-4DDB-4841-A731-EF5DA080E672:net_range_end = "10.15.43.253"dhcp:subnets:_array_id:22217FF5-4DDB-4841-A731-EF5DA080E672:dhcp_domain_name =…
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Replace the macOS Server DHCP Service with bootp
View Your Old Settings The first step to moving services from macOS Server for pretty much all services is to check out the old settings. The second step is to probably ask if where you’re going to put the service is a good idea. For example, these days I prefer to run DHCP services on a network appliance. But it can absolutely be run on a Mac. And so let’s look at how to do that. Here, we’ll use the serveradmin command to view the settings of the DHCP service: /Applications/Server.app/Contents/ServerRoot/usr/sbin/serveradmin settings dhcp The output is an array of subnets with different settings per subnet. dhcp:static_maps = _empty_array dhcp:subnets:_array_id:22217FF5-4DDB-4841-A731-EF5DA080E672:WINS_primary_server =…
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Replace the VPN Server from macOS Server
Export macOS Server DataWe’re not going to import this, as it only takes a few seconds to configure new settings. Additionally, if you have outstanding services built on macOS Server, you might be able to pull this off without touching client systems. First, let’s grab which protocols are enabled, running the following from Terminal: sudo serveradmin settings vpn:Servers:com.apple.ppp.pptp:enabled sudo serveradmin settings vpn:Servers:com.apple.ppp.l2tp:enabled Next, we’ll get the the IP ranges used so we can mimic those (or change them) in the new service: sudo serveradmin settings vpn:Servers:com.apple.ppp.pptp:IPv4:DestAddressRanges Now let’s grab the DNS servers handed out so those can be recreated: sudo serveradmin settings vpn:Servers:com.apple.ppp.pptp:DNS:OfferedServerAddresses:_array_indexsudo serveradmin settings vpn:Servers:com.apple.ppp.l2tp:DNS:OfferedServerAddresses:_array_index Finally, if you’re using…
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Migrating Services from macOS Server
I’ve been making guides to macOS Server since Server 2: Mountain Lion Server (Server 2) Yosemite Server (Server 3) Mavericks Server (Server 4) OS X Server 5 (for El Capitan) macOS Server 5.2 (for macOS Sierra) macOS Server 5.4 (for High Sierra) And along the way, I’ve also sold plenty of books on Mac Servers and gotten a lot of opportunities I might not have gotten otherwise. So thank you to everyone for joining me on that journey. After teaching so many how to use the services that Apple made available in their server operating system, when they announced they’d no longer be making many of the services my readers…
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Replace Time Machine Server on macOS Server with WD’s MyCloud.com
The past couple of years has forced me to rethink many of my recommendations for how you backup computers in small office and home environments. Previously, I would have said that you could use a disk attached to an Apple AirPort. But the AirPort Base Station is no longer being made. Previously, I would have said you could use Time Machine Server, a service built into macOS Server in 5.4 and below. But that service is no longer being made in macOS Server by Apple and is now found in the Sharing System Preference pane . Previously, I might have even said to use the home edition of CrashPlan, which…
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Replace the Web Services in macOS Server with MAMP Pro
In an earlier article, I mentioned that MAMP Pro was still the best native GUI for managing web services on the Mac, now that macOS Server will no longer serve up those patchy services. After we cover the management in this article, you’ll likely understand why it comes it at $59. So you’ve installed MAMP. And you need more than the few basic buttons available there. So MAMP Pro came with it and you can try it for a couple of weeks for free. When you open MAMP Pro, you’ll see a screen where you can perform a number of management tasks. This is a more traditional side-bar-driven screen that…
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Replace macOS Server Web Services with MAMP
The most customizable way to replace web services for macOS with another solution is to custom-build your own Apache or nginx. You can even get a GUI for Apache on the Mac. If you want a one-button installation, the closest thing is likely to be IIS running on a Windows Server. But there are other alternatives that let you keep the Mac hardware and run sites on a Mac without the macOS Server GUI. In this article we’ll look at moving forward with a tool that’s been around long enough for me to mention it in about a dozen books: MAMP. Before writing this article, I tried out all of…
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Migrating the Mail Service From macOS Server
Migrating from macOS Mail Server is going to be one of the stranger migrations you might do. Why? Unless you’re moving to basically a custom build of the same tools used in macOS Server (which you’d do by forklifting /Library/Server/Mail/ into a postfix environment and putting the various components Apple changed at compile-time back together), the process for moving to a modern system is going to rely on IMAP and look a little like this: Get a list of accounts Provide the password for each account Setup an initial sync of mailbox contents Look for errors On the day that you cut MX records, do another sync On the day…