Other than typesetting and indexing tools, most apps shouldn’t be creating files that have single character file names. To find all the files with single character file names on a Mac, you could use find and then awk for the length of the file name:
find / -type f -print| awk -F/ ' length($NF) == 1 '
You could also use mdfind or another tool to list all files and pipe that to the same awk -F/ ‘ length($NF) == 1 ‘ statement.